Method of making side bearings



0a. 5,1926. 1,602,265 w. J. HYMAN METHOD OF MAKING SIDE BEARINGS Filed April 17. 1922 g s 1 W. J. HYMAN METHOD OF MAKING SIDE BEARINGS Oct. 5 1926.

Filed April 17. 1922 v 2 Sheets-Sheet a lm enl-ar rarest WALTER J. HYMAN, 0F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

METHOD OF MAKING SIDE BEARINGS.

Application filed April 17,

This inventionrelates to improvements in. forged side bearings for railway cars and process of making the same and similar articles. The object of the invention is to provide a process by which side bearings and similar articles may be made inexpensively and quickly by forging instead of by casting, as has been the practice heretofore. A further object is to provide a forged side bearing which will. be :lighter in weight, stronger and more durable than the cast bearings at present used.' V

According to this invention, a blank of dish or bowl shape is first produced, and is then deepened and elongated to substantially rectangular form, and the rim portion of the blank set at an inclination to the axis of the central part. The blank thus shaped is finally trimmed to the desired size, and is ready for use. A filler, which may be either cast or drop-forged is provided to form a tread for the rollers.

In the drawings which illustrate the invention Fig. 'l is a plan view of ablank used, from which to make the side bearing. I

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 Fig. l of such a blank.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a blank after the first operation.

Figs. 4 and 5 are sections on the lines 44 and 55 respectively of Fig. 3. I

Figs. 6 and 7 are cross-sections corresponding to Figs. 4 and 5 respectively, showing the form of the blank after the next operation.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a completed side bearing body.

Figs. 9 and 10 are sections on the lines 9-9 and 1010 respectively of Fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a view corresponding to Fig. 10 and illustrates a .slight modification .Fig. 12 is alongitudinal section of a filler for the body.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the filler.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 21 designates a dished or bowl shaped blank, preferably circular in form. This blank may be produced in any way thatis desirable or expedient, for example, by pressing a plate, but preferably by forging or piercing a solid billet of much smaller d1a-meter and greater thickness than the blank illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The blank is preferably of the circular 1922. Serial No. 554,276.

in Fig. 3. The dished shape of the central.

part of theblank is not, during this operation, materially changed, as will be clearly,

seen. t will be noted that the flattening operation has the eflectof drawing in d1- ametrically opposite portions of the rim of the rough blank, so that itnow presents four roughlyformed lugs 24, or projections.

at the corners of the blank- This flattening and drawing may be done in as many operations as are found necessary, but the step is preferably performed in a single operation. v

The next step in the process is what may be termed the second flattening step, and embraces the flattening of the bottom, as in dicated at- 25, Figs. 6and 7, and also in effectinga marked changein the upper part of the body and the flange or rim of the blank The upper part of the body or, flange designated 26, has originally an'in' clination of about 45 to the axis of the blank, and is of a general frust-o-conical or frusto-pyramidal form, as will be evident from Figs. 1-5. operatiomthe angle of this flange is changed, so that it lies roughly at 30 to the 'aXis of. the blank, as will be clearly seen at27, Figs. 6 and 7. This change in angle resultsin a slight contraction of the circumference. At the same time that the contraction of the circumferenceis effected, the upper or maroutward as at 28, Figs. 6 and 7. Owing to the fact that this outward turn takes place simultaneously with the contraction of the lower part, comparatively little stress is imposed on'the material. Itwill be observed that in this second flattening step, the'flange is changed from its frusto-conical or frusto pyramidal form to the form of a flat sheetoccupying a plane out of normal to the axis of the blank, and inclining transversely of In the second flattening ginal part of the flange is turned sharply v the blank. The second flattening may be performed in as many operations as desired, but is preferably formed with one operation and one heating of the blank. As a matter of fact, if the dies which perform the first flattening operation have notchilled the n aterial too much, it might be possible to perform the second stamping or flattening without re-heating the blank.

The next step in the process is that or" finally forming the blank by cutting out ti o bottom, as indicated at 29, Fig. 8, and trimming the flange 28 to the shape shown. an the cutting out operation of this step, the whole width of the bottom is not cutaway, but retaining flanges 30 for the rollers, are allowed toremain at the sides or long edges of the rectangular body. During the cut- All ting out operation, a small portion 01" the ends or shorter sides of the body are cut away, as indicated at Fig. 9, so as to permit maximum travel of the rollers. During the trimming to shape, the four In which were rough formed in the first f tening process, become clearly defined t are also provided with apertures 32 for passage of fastening means.

A somewhat stronger structure may be made by cutting away less of the bottom and turning the material which is allowed toremain, upwardly against the side edges of the body, as shown at 33, Fig. 11. This arrangement doubles the thickness of metal at the edges or the roller opening, and also provides a greater depth of metal under the roller trunnions.

A filler shown in Figs. 12 and 13 is provided to occupy the upper or frusto-pyramidal portion of the body. This filler, designated 34, is provided with a bottom, 35, designed when the filler is in' place to occupy a plane parallel. with the body bottom, while the sides 36 and ends 87 are of different or varying heights, so that their upper edges occupy the plane of the flange 28. The filler may be stiiiencd by internal ribs 38. This filler may be formed by drop forging, casting or in any other suitable way.

From the foregoing description, it will be readily seen that a finished bearing body may be produced infour main steps from a billet. lt will also be seen that each one of these steps is in itself asimple and read ily performed operation, but that there is produced by them a progressive change in.

shape, resulting finally in the completed article, with walls of substantially uniform thickness throughout, and free from internal stresses, cracks or wrinkles. The finished bearing body is much stronger and also much lighter than the cast bearing, and may be produced at an equal or lower cost-in an cr'iicient plant.

laying thus described my invention, what i claim is A process of manufacturing side bearings railway cars which consists in producing a dish shaped blank substantially frusf o-conical in cross section, flattening and simultaneously drawing said blank to trans form the trusto-conical Wall portion between the rim and the central portion into a sub stantially vertical wall in such manner that diametrically opposite portions of the rim are simultaneously drawn inwardly to produce roughly formed lugs at the corner oi the blank subjecting said blank to a subsequent flattening operation serving to flatten the central portion of the blank and to simultaneously transform the rim of the blank into a flat sheet disposed to occupy a plane out of normal to the central axis oi the blank and inclined transversely thereto.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WALTER J. EYE IAN. 

